The Fundy Stamp Collectors Club
c/o 34 Berwick Street
Riverview NB
E1B 5P4
info@fundystampclub.ca
|
|
|
I wish to acknowledge from the outset that the material contained in this presentation has been drawn from three sources:
An article in the Canadian Philatelic Society of Great Britain's publication "Maple Leaves" by Mr. G.A. Wallace on the first four series of the Canadian Postage Due Stamps.
A Handbook "The 1967-78 Postage Due Issue of Canada, a Definitive Study" by Mr. Andrew Chung.
A Handbook "The Canadian Postage Due Stamps" by Mr. Andrew Chung and Mr. Hans Reiche.
A POSTAGE DUE STAMP is a receipt, issued by the post office, for the Payment Of postage due. POSTAGE DUE is the amount the post office collects on unpaid or insufficiently prepaid mail.0 Postage due stamps are not valid for postage and are, by definition, labels.
REGULATIONS The Postmaster General Report of June 30, 1906 stated for the first time a system for accounting for short paid postage collected by postmasters. These regulations were kept unchanged for many years. Only minor changes were made.
In 1930 a letter from the Director of Financial Services to all postmasters addressed the question of short paid mail to Income Tax Division and Revenue.
In 1951 the Financial Branch issued a new directive No. 62 which dealt with the collection of postage due charges on short paid mail matter.
This directive was amended in 1953 with a new one No. 62.
The next amendment came in 1966 which added the overseas destination. An interim Directive No. 62, issued on February 27, 1954 made only minor changes.
A directive No. 216 dealt with the air mail and air surface parcel post for overseas. In November, 1951 acceptance of stamps in lieu of cash in payment for postage due was authorized in a memo from the Director of Operations.
A little later in 1951, acceptance from government agencies of OHMS, G and perforated OHMS stamps in payment for _postage due was authorized.
A revised system for business reply envelopes, cards and other returned items was issued on April 21. 1959.
In 1906 the first set of Postage Due stamps was issued. As will be noted, some difficulties were experienced with this first set and the printers had to rework some of the dies to eliminate the problems. The printers' log book indicates this clearly.
Note I have scanned and placed some graphics of different stamps in this page. DO NOT use them as a color reference. What my scanner and screen show as Deep Reddish Lilac may show different on your screen.
 |
| First Printing PD 1 Deep Reddish Lilac |
Printed by: The American Bank Note Co. (name changed 1923 to Canadian Bank Note Co.)
Perforation: 12 x 12 Paper: Horizontal wove unless stated.
Amount issued: lc 16,000,000 Plates: 1-3 Imperforate :- 200
2c 44,178,000 1-5 Imperforate :- 200
4c 1,487,000 1
5c 13,000,000 1-3 Imperforate :- 200
lOc 1,000,000 1
|
PD I lc Deep reddish-lilac Plate 1 July Ol 1906 Wet Die 1 la Mauve Plate 1 mid 1907 Wet Die 1 lb Slate-lilac Plate 1 circa 1910 Wet Die 1 lc Slate-violet Plate 1 1913 Wet Die 1 Id Grey-lilac Plate 1 1915 Wet Die 1 le Reddish-violet Plate 1 1916 Wet Die 1 if Deep reddish-violet Plate 1-2 1920 Wet Die 1 lg Deep reddish-violet Plate 2 October 1924 Wet Die 1 Thin paper lh Deep reddish-violet Plate 2 1926 to 1927 Dry Die 1 Ii Deep reddish-violet Plate 3 October 1926 Dry Die 2 lj Dark violet Plate 3 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 PD 2 2c Deep reddish-lilac Plate 1-2 July 01 1906 Wet Die 1 2a Mauve Plate 1-2 mid 1907 Wet Die 1 2b Slate-lilac Plate 1=2 circa 1910 Wet Die 1 2c Slate-lilac Plate ? 1912 Wet Die 1 Vertical hairlines 2d Slate violet Plate 1-2 1913 Wet Die 1 2e Grey-lilac Plate 1-2 1915 Wet Die 1 2f Reddish-violet Plate 3 1917 Wet Die 1 2g Bright red-violet Plate 3 January 1917 Wet Die 1 Iathework `A' 2h Slate-purple Plate 3 March 1917 Wet Die 1 Iathework `A' 2i Deep reddish-violet Plate 3 1920 Wet Die 1 2j Deep reddish-violet Plate 4 October 1924 Wet Die 1 Ihin aper 2k Deep reddish-violet Plate 4 October 1924 Wet Die 1 Thini.athework `D' 21 Deep reddish-violet Plate 4 Die Lathework 'D' 2m Deep reddish-violet Plate 4 mid 1925 Dry Die 1 2n Deep reddish-violet Plate 5 Dec. 1925 Dry Die 2 20 Reddish-lilac Plate 5 mid 1927 Dry Die 2 2p Dark violet Plate 5 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 24 Dark violet Plate 5 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 Re-entry left frame PD 3 4c Dark violet Plate 1 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 , 3a Dark violet Plate 1 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 Minor hairlines PD4 Sc Deep reddish-lilac Plate 1 July 01 1906 Wet Die 1 4a Mauve Plate 1 mid 1907 Wet Die 1 4b Slate-lilac Plate 1 circa 1910 Wet Die 1 4c Grey-lilac Plate 1 1915 Wet Die 1 4d Reddish violet Plate 1 1917 Wet Die 1 4e Deep reddish-violet Plate 1-2 1920 Wet Die 1 4f Deep reddish-violet Plate 2 October 1924 Wet Die 1 Thin paper 4g Deep reddish-violet Plate 2 October 1924 Wet Die 1 Thin paper/Re-entry 4h Deep reddish-violet Plate 2-3 1926 Dry Die 2 4i Dark violet Plate 3 July 07 1928 Dry Die 2 PD 5 10c Dark violet Plate l July 07 1928 Dry . Die 2 |
In 1930 a second set of Postage Due stamps was issued. Difficulties with the plates and dies of the first issue could not be overcome and the need for a new issue was made known to the Post Office by the bank note companies.
 |
| Second Printing PD 6 Deep Lilac |
THE GEORGE V POSTAGE DUE ISSUE of 1930-33 Printed by The British American Bank Note Co. Perforation 11 x 11 Paper Horizontal wove. Colour Standard Stanley Gibbons chart. |
PD 6 6 lc Deep-lilac 5,344.000 July 14 1930 6a Deep-lilac 200 1930 Imperfonte 6b Deep-lilac 1930 Re-entry to right frame 6c Bright-violet 1933 PD 7 7 2c Deep-lilac 10,758,000 Aug. 08 1930 7a Deep-lilac 200 1930 Imperforate 7b Deep-lilac 1930 Re-entry to right frame 7c Deep-lilac 1930 Re-entry to left frame 7d Deepdilac 100 to 400 1930 Imperf. horizontally 7e Slate-lilac ? 7f Bright-violet 1933 PD 8 4c Deep-lilac 2,442,000 Oct. 14 1930 8a Deep-lilac 200 1930 Imperforate 8b Deep reddish-lilac Dec. 12 1931 8c Bright-violet 1933 PD 9 Sc Deep red-lilac 523,000 Dec. 12 1931 9a Bright-violet 1933 PD 10 lOc Deepdilac 309,000 Aug. 24 1932 l0a Deep-lilac 200 1932 Imperforate lOb Deep-lilac 1932 Re-entry to right frame lOc Bright-violet 1933 |
The first bilingual Postage Due stamps were ordered by the Post Office on November 14, 1933. A small quantity of the 4-cent value was received by the Post Office for issue on December 12, 1933, but the bulk of the stamps for the 2- cent, 4-cent and 10-cent values only arrived at the Post Office on December 14, 1933. A sample block of four of the 2-cent value was sent to the Post Office from the Toronto Star newspaper on December 11, 1933, or nine days before the ac- tual issue. This block contained the following words on the left side of the block in the margin: "Factory Proof OK 11 /12/33." The Post Office did not know what this meant and was not certain if it was added by the Bank Note Company; nor were they sure how this block got to Toronto. The papers for this set vary from thick to thin with a dark brown to pale yellow gum.
 |
| Third Printing PD 6 Deep Violet |
THE Bi-LINGUAL ISSUE of 1933-35 Printed by The British American Bank Note Co. Perforation 11 x 11 Paper Horizontal wove. Colour Standard Stanley Gibbons chart |
PD 11 lc Deep-violet 2,070,000 May OS 1934 lla Deep-violet 150 May OS 1934 PD 12 2c Deep violet 4,390,000 Dec. 20 1933 12a Slate-lilac ? 1934 12b Bright-violet ? 1934 PD 13 4c Deep-violet 1,900,000 Dec. 12 1933 PD 14 10c Deep-violet 500,000 Dec. 20 1933 |
In 1943 the question was raised in Toronto as to the need for additional values of 5-cent, 6-cent and 8-cent Postage Due stamps. The 5-cent and 6-cent were subsequently issued but the 8-cent value was never prepared. The cost of pro- ducing these stamps was questioned due to the fairly small numbers which were now used. Post Office records provide an interesting insight into this. A 3-cent Postage Due cost estimate was obtained and the price quoted was 0.333 cent per 1000 stamps if ordered in very large quantities. However, the cost of produc- ing smaller quantities of approximately 300,000 was 0.50-cent per 1000 stamps. This was thought to be too high for the small quantity required. Thin papers have been listed is some philatelic handbooks but this could not be confirmed.
 |
| Fourth Print PD 15 Deep Lilac |
THE DATED DIE ISSUE OF 1935-67 Printed by The Canadian Bank Note Co. Perforation 12x 12 Paper Colour Standard Stanley Gibbons chart. |
PD 15 1 c Deep dull-lilac no record Oct. 14 1935
15a Deep dull-lilac 100 Oct. 14 1935 Imperforate
l5b Reddish-violet Nov. 1935
15c Plum (shades) circa 1943
15d Deep-lilac 1948
15e Deep-1~1ac from 1959 Hi-brite paper
PD 16 2c Deep dull-lilac Sept. 09 1935
16a Deep dull-lilac 100 Sept. 09 1935 Imperforatc
16b Reddish-violet Dec. 1935
16c Plum (shades) circa 1943
16d Deep4ilac 1948
16e Deep-lilac from 1959 Hi-brite paper
PD 17 3c Deep-lilac April 1965
PD18 4c Deep dull-lilac July 02 1935
18a Deep dull-lilac 100 July 02 1935 Imperforate
18b Reddish-violet Dec. 14 1935
18c Plum circa 1943
18d Deep4ilac 1948
PD 19 Sc Deep-iilac Aug. 11 1948
PC 20 6c Deep-lilac 1957
20a Deep-lilac from 1959 Hi-brite paper
PD 21 lOc Deep dull-lilac Sept. 16 1935
21a Deep dull-lilac 100 Sept. 16 1935 Imperforate
21b Reddish-violet Nov. 1935
21c Plum circa 1943
21d Deep-lilac 1948
|
 |
| Fifth Printing J 21 Very Dull |
PRINTERS: The Canadian Bank Note Company
PLATES ISSUED: Only one plate was used for each value. Each plate contained
six panes of one hundred stamps, a total of six hundred stamps. Only
the four outside panes contained the plate inscriptions with each pane of one
hundred having only one inscription
Stamp Size: The design area measures 21 mm by 17 mm and the stamp
measures 24.5 mm x 21.5 mm.
PAPER: The paper used was uncoated.
PRINTING METHOD: The stamps were printed by lithography.
PERFORATIONS: Line perforations, 12 by 12.
GUM: Dextrine gum.
VARIETIES: Many colour dots can be noted but most are not constant anc
pear on only a few sheets and then disappear. This is typical of lithograph.
In 1967 the Post Office adopted and standardized the size format of commemorative and definitive stamps to the Modular or metric size. In 1969, a new set of the "Red" Postage Due stamps was issued to conform to this new metric or "Modular" size. This set also added two new values and replaced four of the Fifth Postage Due Issue. There was very little demand of the 5-cent value and it was withdrawn after a short time.
 |
| Sixth Printing J34 High Brite |
PRINTERS: The Canadian Bank Note Company
PLATES ISSUED: Only one plate was used for each value. Each pane con- tained one hundred stamps. The marginal inscription was now on all four cor- ners of each pane.
Stamp Size: The dimensions of the design area are 20 mm by 15.5 mm and those of the stamp 24 mm by 20 mm.
PAPER: The paper was uncoated.
PRINTING METHOD: The method of printing these values was by lithography.
PERFORATIONS: Line perforation, 12 by 12.
GUM: The gum was Dextrine.
During the years 1973 to 1974 another set of "Red" Postage Dues was released with a different gum. Prior to 1972, the adhesive used on virtually all Canadian postage stamps was dextrine but beginning in 1972, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gum became the primary adhesive for all postage stamps. In 1973 this change began to appear on new printings of the Postage Dues. A 16-cent, was added and the 5 cent value was deleted.
 |
| Seventh Printing High Brite |
PRINTERS: The Canadian Bank Note Company.
PLATES ISSUED: One plate was issued for each value, similar to the previous two issues.
Stamp Size: The dimensions of the design were 20 mm by 15.5 mm and the stamp 24 mm by 20 mm.
PAPER: An uncoated paper was used.
PRINTING METHOD: The stamps were printed by lithography.
PERFORATIONS: Line perforation, 12 by 12.
GUM: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).
VARIETIES: The only varieties recorded for this set are the 4-cent printed on the gummed side, and the V shaped white spot above the third A of Canada on the 16-cent value.
The 2-cent was printed January 27, 1972. The 6-cent was printed January 27, 1972. There appears to be some error in the records of the Post Office regarding the 10-cent value. The 10-cent is listed as having been printed October 28, 1971 with 5,000,000. However, another record shows the printing as November 17, 1972 with 4,000,000. No PVA gum stamps were issued before 1973 and if this quantity should belong to the Sixth Issue, it would make the total quantity 10,000,000, as it appears that the October printing was a second printing for the Sixth Issue.
A final change was made in 1977. This time the perforations were changed. Between 1968 and 1973, Canadian postage stamps were perforated by the comb perforation.
The difference between line and comb perforation can be found in the intersection of the horizontal and vertical perforations. The perforations meet exactly with comb perforation while in the older line perforation method they do not.
As values were printed (and new ones introduced) this new comb perforation was used. Three new values were added but four values were deleted. The once obsolete 5-cent value was re-issued.
 |
| Eighth Printing Dull |
PRINTERS: The Canadian Bank Note Company
PLATES ISSUED: Only one plate was used for each value as before.
Stamp Size: The design of the stamp measures 20 mm by 15.5 mm stamp measures 24 mm by 20 mm.
Paper: The paper was uncoated.
PRINTING METHOD: The stamps were printed by lithography.
PERFORATIONS: Comb perforation, 12.5 by 12.
GUM: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
VARIETIES: A small dot in the form of a hickey exists on the top of the 8-cent. Although a reasonable number were noted, this may not be a constant plate flaw.
The following table was published in the 1967-78 Postage Due Issue of Canada by Mr. Chung and is reproduced here to show the various levels of fluorescence, as well as the ribbed effect, which have been noted on the four different red Postage Dues.
REFERENCE CODE FLUORESCENT LEVEL H1 Hibrite + H3 Hibrite - F Fluorescent D Dull V Very Dull RE Ribbed Effect S = Scott Standard Catalog 1980 CS = Canada Specialized Catalog 1980 L= Lymans Standard Catalog 1980 Catalogue Nos. Reference Nos. S CS New L Value H1 H3 F D V RE Fifth Postage Due Issue J21 D22 J21 1 cent = J22 D23 J22 2 cent a = = J23 D24 J23 3 cent = J24 D25 J24 4 cent = = J25 D26 J25 5 cent = = J26 D27 J26 6 cent = = J27 D28 J27 10 cent = = S CS New L Value H1 H3 F D V RE Sixth Postage Due Issue J28 D29 J28 1 cent = J31 D30 J29 4 cent = J32a D31 J30 5 cent = J34 D32 J31 8 cent = = J35 D33 J32 10 cent = J36 D34 J33 12 cent = = S CS New L Value H1 H3 F D V RE Seventh Postage Due Issue - D35 J34 1 cent = = = J29 D36 J35 2 cent = = = J30 D37 J36 3 cent = = = - D38 J37 4 cent = = = J33 D39 J38 6 cent = = = = - D40 J39 8 cent = = - D41 J40 10 cent = = b - D42 J41 12 cent = = J37 D43 J42 16 cent = = S CS New L Value H1 H3 F D V RE Eighth Postage Due Issue J28a D44 J43 1 cent c J31 a D45 J44 4 cent c J32 D46 J45 5 cent c J34a D47 J46 8 cent c J35a D48 J47 10 cent c J36a D49 J48 12 cent c J38 D50 J49 30 cent c J39 D51 J50 24 cent c J40 052 J51 50 cent c Notes to Table a The fluorescence of the paper falls between FLUORESCENT and DULL b 'Dull' as most RIBBED-EFFECT papers are, the paper is FLUORESCENT c The fluorescence of each value varies slightly; all are DULL |
Mentioned quite frequently under this topic is the term FLUORESCENCE (adj. FLUORESCENT). With regard to paper varieties. fluorescence is the degree of light emitted from a sample of paper as it is exposed to a long wave ultra violet light source or a blacklight. The reaction ceases once the lamp is turned off.
Fluorescence is best described by a four level Paper Flo- rescence Scale. The four levels, ranging from HIBRITE to VERY DULL, are discussed below.
a) THE FOUR MAJOR LEVELS
HIBRITE A paper of high fluorescence.
FLUORESCENT One level below HIBRITE; a paper of medium fluorescence.
DULL One level below FLUORESCENT; a paper of low fluorescence.
VERY DULL One level below DULL; a paper of no fluorescence.
b) RIBBED AND RIBBED EFFECT PAPERS
RIBBED A paper that is distinctly corrugated is described as a RIBBED paper.
RIBBED EFFECT A paper that is lightly corrugated is described as a RIBBED EFFECT paper.
Avoid in a fluorescence collection used or cancelled copies which are heavily cancelled or on coloured envelopes. Furthermore, cancelled copies should be left on piece to preserve the paper's original fluorescence. Artificial changes can occur if the cancel- lation ink or coloured dye from the wrapper becomes soluble in water.
| FLUORESCENCE | EXAMPLE | COMMENTS |
| HIBRITE+ | 6¢ (black) Centennial coil; (468B) |
|
| HIBRITE | 89 Queen plate 1 (593) | Plate 1 also exists on a RIBBED EFFECT paper. Do not use it as the sample. |
| FLUORESCENT | 2e Laurier; plate 1 (587) | Plate 1 also exists on a HIBRITE paper. Do not use it as the sample. |
| DULL | 2¢ Laurier plate 2 (587) | Plate 2 exists both smooth and RIBBED. Both may be used as the sample. |
| VERY DULL | any early printing of the Centennial low values | any one of N`s 450 to 458. |
| R1BBED EFFECT | 8¢ Queen plate 2 (593) | Plate 2 is the RIBBED EFFECT paper of the Caricatures |
An interesting problem arises in cataloguing non mint postage due stamps of the 2nd and 3rd Set if the gum has been moistened or washed off entirely.
A four step analysis presents a simple solution to the gumless problem.
STEP 1 Is the stamp one of -------- NO--------- Discontinue the analysis
the following values
1, 4, 8, 10, 12
|
Yes
|
STEP 2 Is the stamp from -----------NO--------- Discontinue the analysis
the 2nd or 3rd Set (refer to TABLES I
I - 2 and I - 3)
|
Yes
|
STEP 3 Are there any traces --------Yes------- Discontinue the analysis
of gum on the stamp PROBLEM SOLVED
(refer to TABLE 1 -2)
|
No
|
STEP 4a What is the fluores- If the paper is H1 H3 F V or
cence of the stamp RE, discontinue the analysis
| (refer to TABLE I -6)
|
|
OR
| If the paper is D, continue on
| to the next end final step
|
STEP 4b What is the bright- DEX pre- gummed paper is often
ness of the stamp's creamy or off- White
paper under room
lighting PVA pre -gummed paper Is always
White
|
DESIGN STAMP
DESIGN and REGULAR SIZE 1st Set 21 mm x 17 mm 24 1/2 mm x 21 1/2 mm
STAMP SIZE (non -metric) (approx.)
TABLE MODULAR SIZE 2nd Set 20 mm x 15 1/2 mm 24 mm x 20 mm
I-1 3rd Set
4th Set
|
As Canada was celebrating her Centennial well over a decade ego, the post office adopted end standardized the size format of commemora tive and definitive stamps from the Regular size to the Modular.
The first stamp to be issued in the metric or Modular size was the Venier Memorial Issue of 1967. Since the Gray Jay Special Issue of 1968, the Modular size popularized all commemorative, special issue, and new definitive stamps.
Modular postage due stamps did not appear until the following year. The 2nd Set added two new values and replaced four of the 1st or non- metric Set.
DESCRIPTION
GUM DEXTRINE 1st Set golden yellowish in colour, rich
(DEX) 2nd Set in texture, end very shiny
TABLE
I-2 POLYVINYL 3rd Set colourless and generally lustreless
ALCOHOL (PVA) 4th Set
|
LINE 1st Set 2nd Set 12 x 12 3rd set the Intersection or the horizontal and vertical perforations do not exactly meet |
|
comb 4th Set 12 1/2 x 12 the intersection of the horizontal and vertical perforations meets exactly |
|
The postage due stamps were not comb perforated until the issuance of the 4th Set adding three new values and replacing four between 1977 end 1978. A once obsolete value was re issued.
I wish to acknowledge from the outset that the material contained in this presentation has been drawn from three sources:
An article in the Canadian Philatelic Society of Great Britain's publication "Maple Leaves" by Mr. G.A. Wallace on the first four series of the Canadian Postage Due Stamps.
A Handbook "The 1967-78 Postage Due Issue of Canada, a Definitive Study" by Mr. Andrew Chung.
A Handbook "The Canadian Postage Due Stamps" by Mr. Andrew Chung and Mr. Hans Reiche.